COMMUNICOLOGY 2. COMMUNICOLOGY: THEORY AND METHODOLOGY


GENESIS OF THEORIES OF MASS INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

Authors: SHARKOV F.I., PODGORNAYA L.D.

SHARKOV Felix Izosimovich, Doctor of Social Sciences, Professor, Head of the Public Relations and Media Policy Department of the Institute of State Service and Human Resources of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (IGSUP RANE), Honorary Academic Figure of the Russian Higher Education. Founder of Communicology Science in Russian Federation, President of the International Academy of Communicology. Chief Editor of the  Communicology Magazine.
Address: 84, Vernadskogo prospect, Moscow, Russia, 119571.
Phone: +7 (495) 933-80-30. Е-mail: information@rane.ru

PODGORNAYA Lioubov Dmitrievna, Professor of the Department of Russian Language of the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (HUFS), Seoul, Korea.
Address: 89 Wangsan-ri, Mohyeon-myeon Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Kyounggi-do, Korea 449-791.
Mob. phone: 010-3080-1953. Е-mail: podgornayalioubov@mail.ru

Annotation. the article presents information and communication issues and theories developed in the works of foreign and Russian authors; since the XIX century the main concepts of mass information and communication are considered to lie in the basis of a new science – communicology; the article analyzes the process of formation and development of mass consciousness, the nature of collective and mass behavior and its information-communication mechanisms.

Keywords: information, mass information, communication, mass communication, information theory, communication theory, mass information media, informational approach, information system, information models, information society, communicology.

References
1. Sharkov F.I. Kommunikologiya: entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'-spravochnik. M., 2009. 766 str. [Sharkov, F.I. (2009) Communicology: encyclopedic dictionary catalogue, Moscow].
2. Sharkov F.I. Kommunikologiya: osnovy teorii kommunikatsii. M., 2009. 766 str. [Sharkov, F.I. (2009) Communicology: basic theories of communication, Moscow].
3. Vundt V. Problemy psikhologii narodov // Zapadno-yevropeyskaya sotsiologiya XIX – nachala XX vekov. Pod red. V.I. Dobrenkova. M., 1996. [Vundt V. (1996) ‘ Problems of psychology of peoples, Moscow].
4. Lebon G. Psikhologiya narodov I mass // Zapadno-yevropeyskaya sotsiologiya XIX – nachala XX vekov. Pod red. V.I. Dobrenkova. M., 1996. [Le Bon V. (1996). Psycology of peoples and masses. Moscow].
5. Tard G. Zakony podrazhaniya. SPb., 1892. [ Tarde G. (1892). Laws of imitation. SPb].
6. Bekhterev V.M. Izbrannyye raboty po socialnoy psikhologii. M., 1994.[Bekhterev V.M. (1994). Selected works on social psychology. Moscow].
7. Sorokin P.A. Obschedostupnyi uchebnik sociologii. M., 1994. [Sorokin P.A. (1994). Popular textbook of sociology. Moscow].
8. Moskovici S. Mashina tvoryaschaya bogov. M., 1998. [Moskovici S. (1998). Gods-creating Machine. Moscow].
9. Bekhterev V.M. Predmet I zadachi obschestvennoi psikhologii kak ob’yektivnoi nauki. SPb., 1911.
[Bekhterev V.M. (1911). Subject and problems of social psychology as an objective science. SPb.]
10. Zimmel G. Socialnaya differentsiatsiya. M., 1909. [Zimmel G. (1909). Social differentaition. Moscow]
11. Mid J. Ot zhesta k simvolu // Amerikanskaya sociologicheskaya mysl. Texty. . Pod red. V.I.Dobrenkova. M., 1994. [Mead J. (1994). From gestures to symbols. American sociological thought. Texts. Moscow].
12. Kuli Ch.Kh. Chelovecheskaya priroda I socialnyi poryadok. M., 2000. [Kuli Ch.H. (2000). Human nature and social order. Moscow].
13. Gofman I. Predstavleniye sebya drugim v povsednevnoy zhizni. M., 2000. [Gofman I. (2000). Presenting oneself to others. Moscow].
14. Amerikanskaya sociologicheskaya mysl. Texty. Pod red. V.I.Dobrenkova. M., 1994. [American sociological thought. Texts. (1994). Moscow].
15. Lasswell H.D. ‘The structure and function of communication in society’. In Bryson (ed.) The Communication in Ideas. N.Y., 1948. // Cited by: Nazarov N.M. Massovaya kommuniktsiya v sovremennom mire: methodologyja analiza I praktika issledovaniy. M., 1999. S. 131
16. Guravlev V.K. Diahronicheskaya fonologiya. M., Nauka, 1986. S. 205.
17. Yakobson R. Yazyk I bessoznatelnoye. M., 1996. S. 217. [Yakobson R. (1996) Language and the unconscious. P. 217. Moscow].
18. Levi-Stross K. ‘Struktura I forma’ // Zarubezhnyye issledovaniya po semiotike folklore. M., 1985. [ Levi-Stross K. (1985). Structure and form. Foreign studies of semiotics of folklore. Moscow].
19. Lotman Yu.M. O dvukh modelyakh kommunikatsii v sisteme kultury. //Semiotika kultury. M., 1992. [Lotman Yu.M. (1992). On two models of communication in the system of culture. Moscow].
20. Pyatigorskiy A. Mifologicheskiye razmyshleniya. Lektsii po fenomenologii mifa. M., 1996. S. 235. [Pyatigorskiy A. (1996) Mythological thinking. Lectures on the phenomenology of myths. Moscow., p. 59].
21. Bart R. Mifologii. M., 1996. [ Bart R. (1996). Mythologies. Moscow., p. 235].
22. Fuko M. Volya k istine: po druguyu storonu vlasti I seksualnosti. SPb., 1996. [Fucau M. (1996). The will to truth: on the other side of power and sexuality. Moscow].
23. Khabermas Yu. Demokratiya. Razum. Nravstvennost. Moskovskiye lektsii I intervyu. M., 1995. [Habermas U. (1995). Democracy. Intellect. Morality. Moscow lectures and interviews. Moscow].
24. Baudrillard J. Ecstasy of Communication // The Anti-Aesthetic. Essays оn Postmodern Culture / Ed. H.Foster. Part Two. P. 126-128.
25. O'Hara, BJ , Bauman, AE, Phongsavan, P. (2012) Using mass-media communications to increase population usage of Australia's Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 12.
26. Shen, Xiao-Liang; Cheung, Christy M. K.; Lee, Matthew K. O., (2013) Perceived critical mass and collective intention in social media-supported small group communication, International journal of information management, vol. 33, pp. 707-715.
27. Hill, SJ, Lo, J, Vavreck, L, Zaller, J, (2013) How Quickly We Forget: The Duration of Persuasion Effects From Mass Communication, Political communication, vol. 30, pp. 521-547.
28. Batinic, B., Appel, M., (2013) Mass communication, social influence, and consumer behavior: two field experiments, Journal of applied social psychology, vol. 43, pp. 1353-1368.


DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF EFFECTS ON AUDIENCE OF INFORMATION TEXTS

Author: BOCHAROV M.P.

BOCHAROV Mikhail Petrovich, Doctor of Social Science, Professor, Vice General Manager of the International Press Club "Chumikov and Consulting". 
Address: 119019 Moscow, Nikitskiy Bulvar, 8\3, korpus 2, tel.: +7(495) 695-3422, E-mail: bocharov@pr-club.com

Annotation. The methods of empirical knowledge of reality, which are used by specialists in PRcommunicative audit, are analyzed. Texts related to informational genres that make up the bulk of the mass of information flows are also under consideration.

Keywords: Information genres, target audience, communicative auditing, monitoring, rating, information influence, communication.

References
1. Vasilenko, L.A. Preventivnyye tekhnologii upravleniya kak sposob operezhayushchego regulirovaniya innovatsionnykh sotsial'nykh protsessov // Innovatsionnyye tekhnologii provedeniya obshchestvennoy ekspertizy gosudarstvenno vazhnykh resheniy i obshchestvennykh slushaniy s primeneniyem «vysokikh» informatsionnykh tekhnologiy. M., 2010. 376 str. [Vasilenko, L.A. (2010) ‘Preventive technologies of management as a way of advance regulation of innovative social processes’, Innovative technologies of the public examination of national important decisions and public hearings using high information technologies, Moscow].
2. Toffler, E. Tret'ya volna: Per. s. angl. M., 2002. 776 str. [Toffler, E. The third wave: Translated from English. Moscow].
3. Sharkov, F.I. Chetvertaya volna (interaktivnyye elektronnyye kommunikatsii). M., 2005. 275 str. [Sharkov, F.I. (2005) The fourth wave (interactive electronic communications) Moscow].
4. Sharkov, F.I. Kommunikologiya: osnovy teorii kommunikatsii. M., 2010. 592 str. [Sharkov, F.I. (2010) Communicology: basic theory of communication. Moscow].
5. Pieters, R., Warlop, L., Wedel, M. (2002). ‘Breaking through the clutter: Benefits of advertisement originality and familiarity for brand attention and memory’, Management Science, Vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 765-781.
6. Balasubramanian, S.K., Karrh, J.A., Patwardhan, H. (2006) ‘Audience response to product placements: An integrative framework and future research agenda’, Journal of Advertising, vol. 35, no. 3, pp.115-141.
7. Grabe, M.E., Lang, A., Zhao, X. (2003) ‘News content and form: Implications for memory and audience evaluations’, Communication Research, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 387-413.


COMMUNICATIVE POTENCIAL – CONCEPTUAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL APPARATUS

Author: LEVKINA L.I.

LEVKINA Liliya Ivanovna, Candidate of Pedagogical Science, Doctorant, Associate Professor of the Public Relations and Media Policy Department of the Institute of State Service and Human Resources of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (IGSUP  RANE).
Address: 84, Vernadskogo prospect, Moscow, Russia, 119571. Теl.: +7 (495) 933-80-30. E-mail:
LevkinaLI@gmail.com

Annotation. One of the key foundations of the contemporary situation of rapid changes of Russian and world society structures is a transformation of the spectrum and structure of communication both on horizontal and vertical levels. Considering this, it is extremely important to study the conceptual and terminological concept of "communicative potential", its semantic fields and clouds of its semantic fields. The research is conducted using our previously developed "semantic-communicative methodology studying the evolution of modern societies". Our proposed technique can be implemented in any language and community and model a clear picture of the use of any concept, its semantic fields and clouds in any subsystem of human life and societies in a temporal triad: past, present and future. It also provides the ability to forecast and make recommendations to prevent crisis situations in various spheres of social interaction: political, economic, social, cultural, etc.

Keywords: sociology, communication, communicology, communicative, potential, communicative potential , changes and development of communities, vectors of the evolution of the social structure of modern societies, methodology of semantic-communicative modeling and forecasting, the field of the concept, the cloud of the concept, subsystems of human life and societies.

References
1. http://mabiu.ru/news/detail.php?ID=1959
2. www.glossary.ru/cgi-bin/ (social activity)
3. http://www.slovari.ru/
4. http://diss.rsl.ru/
5. http://www.yandex.ru/; http://www.google.ru/
6. http://www.slovari.ru/search.aspx?s=0&p=3068&di=vsis&wi=12865
7. http://www.slovari.ru/search.aspx?s=0&p=3068&di=vsem3&wi=3234
8. http://www.slovari.ru/search.aspx?s=0&p=3068&di=vmas&wi=52901
9. http://www.slovari.ru/search.aspx?s=0&p=3068&di=shved&wi=26821
10. Levkina L.I. Kommunicativno-semanticheskaya metodologiya issledovanoya evolucii sovremennih soobshestv. // Kommunikologiya. 2013. Tom 1. №1. S. 100-108. [Levkina, L.I. (2013) ‘Communicative-semantic methodology of research of modern communities’ evolution’, Communicology, Vol. 1. No. 1. Pp. 100-108].
11. http://www.slovari.ru/search.aspx?s=0&p=3068&di=vdal&wi=69979 [14 Nov 2013].
12. Grechko P.K. Kommunicaciya i kommunicativnoct: razlichitelnoye edinstvo. // Cennosti I smisli. 2013. №4 (26). S. 26-37. [Grechko, P.K. (2013) ‘Communication and communicativity: differentiative equality’, Values and Meanings, No.4 (26). Pp. 26-37].
13. Yepishkin N.I. Istoricheskii slovar gallicizmov russkogo yazika. M., 2010. [Yepishkin, N.I. (2010) Historical vocabulary of Gallicism of the Russian language, Moscow].
14. Guskova A.P., Sotin B.V. Populyarnii slovar russkogo yazika. Tolkovo-evciklopedicheskii. M., 2003. 871 str. [Guskova, A.P. and Sotin B.V. (2003) Popular vocabulary of Russian language, Moscow].
15. http://vocabulary.ru/dictionary/14/word/komunikativnyi [14 Nov 2013].
16. Zhmurov V.A. Bolshaya enciklopediya po psihiatrii. M., 2012 г. [Zhmurov, V.A. (2012) Big encyclopedia of psychiatry, Moscow].
17. Pedagogicheskoe rechevedeniye. Slovar-spravochnic. Pod red. Ladizhenskoy T.A. I Mikhalskoy A.K. M., 1998 [Ladizhenskaya T.A. and I Mikhalskaya A.K. (ed.) (1998) Pedagogical speech study. Dictionary-Directory, Moscow].
18. Slovar lingvisticheskih terminov. Pod. red. Zherebilo T.V. Nazran, 2010. [Zherebilo T.V. (ed.) (2010) Vocabulary of the linguistics terms, Nazran ].
19. http://www.rg.ru/2013/11/19/posizia.html [19 Nov 2013]
20. Vasilenko L.A. Sotsiologiya neravnovesnykh protsessov stanovleniya informatsionnogo obshchestva: metodologicheskiye podkhody. // Sinergeticheskaya paradigma. M., 2009, S. 612-640; Vasilenko L.A. Internet v informatizatsii gosudarstvennoy sluzhby Rossii (sotsiologicheskiye aspekty). M., 2000. 195 str. i dr. [Vasilenko, L.A. (2009) ‘Sociology of nonequilibrium processes of the information society: methodological approaches’, Synergetic paradigm, Moscow, pp. 612-640; Vasilenko, L.A. (2000) Internet in the information Public Service of Russia (Sociological Aspects), Moscow], and etc.
21. Levkina L.I. Potentsial'nyye vektory razvitiya sotsial'nykh soobshchestv: polya ponyatiy, metodologiya ikh obnaruzheniya i analiza. // Materialy III Mezhdunarodnoy sotsiologicheskoy konferentsii «Prodolzhaya Grushina».
M., 2013. S. 342-349. [Levkina, L.I. (2013) ‘Potential vectors of social communities: field concepts, methodology for their detection and analysis’, Conference Proceedings, III International Sociological Conference "Prodolzhaya Grushina", Moscow, pp. 342-349].
22. Levkina L.I. Kommunikativno-semanticheskaya metodologiya issledovaniya evolyutsii sovremennykh soobshchestv. // Materialy 41-go Vsemirnogo Kongressa Mezhdunarodnogo instituta sotsiologii (IIS). Uppsala, 2013. 9 str. [Levkina, L.I. (2013) ‘Communicative-semantic methodology of studying the evolution of modern societies’, Conference Proceedings, 41th World Congress of the International Institute of Sociology (IIS), Uppsala].
23. Leont'yev A. A. Psikholingvisticheskiye yedinitsy i porozhdeniye rechevogo vyskazyvaniya. M., 1969; Poznaniye i obshcheniye. / Pod redaktsiyey B.F.Lomova, A.V. Belyayeva, M. Koul. M., 1988. [Leont'yev, A. A. (1969) Psycholinguistic units and generation of verbal expression, Moscow]; [Lomov, B.F., Belyayeva, A.V., Koul, M. (ed.) (1988) Cognition and communication, Moscow].
24. Morozova O.N. Realizatsiya kommunikativnykh strategiy v soglasovannom dialogicheskom diskurse. // Mir lingvistiki i kommunikatsii: elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal, 2005. Tom 1. № 1. S. 36-45. [Morozova, O.N. (2005) ‘Implementation of communication strategies in a consistent dialogic discourse’, The world of linguistics and communication: electronic scientific journal, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 36-45].
25. Pavlenko A.N. Predely intersubyektivnosti (kritika kommunikativnoy sposobnosti obosnovaniya znaniya). SPb., 2012. 280 str. [Pavlenko, A.N. (2012) Intersubjectivity limits (criticism of communicative ability for substantiation of knowledge), St. Petersburg].
26. Sharkov F.I., Yudina Ye.N. Regulirovaniye otnosheniy v sovremennom mediaprostranstve. // Kommunikologiya. 2013. Tom 1. №1. 2013. S. 36-43. [Sharkov, F.I. and Yudina, Ye.N. (2013) ‘Regulation of relations in the modern media space’, Communicology, vol. 1. no. 1.pp. 36-43].
27. Sharkov F.I. Osnovy teorii kommunikatsii: Uchebnik. M., 2002. 246 str.; Sharkov F. I. Kommunikologiya: osnovy teorii kommunikatsii. Uchebnik. / 2-ye izd., M., 2010. 296 str. i dr. [Sharkov, F.I. (2002) Fundamentals of the communication theory: Textbook, Moscow; Sharkov, F.I. (2010) Communicology: basic theory of the communication. Textbook, 2nd ed., Moscow],
28. Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Bisson, P. and Marrs, A. (2013) McKinsey Global Institute. Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy, [Online], Available: http://www.slideshare.net/fred.zimmy/mckinse-global-institute-disruptive-technologies-full-reportmay2013.